学习重点
　　1．     Exercises Explanation and Memo Writing Summary
　　2．     Reading --- Training to be entertaining
　　3．     Letter Writing
　　4．     Homework
　　I. Exercises Explanation and Memo Writing Answer Key
　　Exercise: P27
　　1.
　　be popular with
　　pride oneself on (doing) sth.
　　on a basis
　　look forward to
　　at reasonable prices
　　cater for
　　call in
　　good value for money
　　until
　　a long way from
　　3.
　　satisfaction
　　be located
　　comfortable
　　cleanliness
　　entertainment
　　Memo
　　To:    All Staff
　　From:  David Guan, Research and Development Director
　　Date:   23 November 2000
　　Subject: Visit of Chairman
　　The chairman of our corporation is going to visit our company next Monday 27 November to discuss the pricing policy for our new product. He will arrive at 10am and please attend the welcome reception for him at 10.15am. Thanks.
　　Summary of memo writing (page 78)
　　1.      Candidate C
　　All three parts of the task are completed and it is the correct length. The language is accurate and appropriate except for one mistake. (hire instead of book/reserve)
　　2.      Candidate B
　　B completes two parts of the task but does not give location details. The note is too long. The writer includes unnecessary information (e.g. to discuss a contract with us). The language is generally accurate although the first sentence is long and wordy. The language is also inappropriate at times (e.g. cheers!).
　　3.      Candidate A
　　A completes one part of the task only and does not give dates or location details. The note is short. The style is inappropriate formal for a note (I am writing to inform you…etc.).
　　II. Reading
　　Training to be entertaining and making it pay
　　entertaining adjective  amusing and enjoyable 饶有趣味的，搞笑的，
　　an entertaining story/film 一部有意思的故事/电影
　　His books aren't particularly well-written, but they're always entertaining.他的著作并不是很出名，但却总是很有意思。
　　pay verb
　　past tense and past participle paid
　　pay for
　　Mum paid for my driving lessons. 妈妈出钱支付我学车的费用。
　　pay (in) cash 用现金付费
　　pay by cheque/credit card 用支票/信用卡付费
　　pay somebody for something
　　He didn't even offer to pay me for the ticket. 他甚至不愿意支付我机票钱。
　　pay somebody to do something
　　Ray paid some kids to wash the car. … 给几个孩子钱，让他们给他洗车。
　　pay somebody something
　　I paid him $5 to cut the grass. 我给他5美元让他把玻璃给我切开。
　　pay (somebody) in dollars/euros etc
　　He wanted to be paid in dollars. 他想以美元形式得到薪酬。
　　I forgot to pay the gas bill! 我忘记缴煤气费了。
　　?WAGE/SALARY?
　　[intransitive and transitive]to give someone money for the job they do 支付薪水
　　How much do they pay you? 他们给你多少钱的薪水？
　　pay somebody $100 a day/￡200 a week etc
　　They're only paid about ￡4 an hour. 他们只得到一小时4英镑的薪水。
　　Some lawyers get paid over $400 an hour. 有些律师一小时可以得到400美元的薪酬。
　　be paid weekly/monthly also get paid weekly/monthly
　　We get paid weekly on Fridays. 我们每周五发薪。
　　well/badly/poorly paid
　　Many of the workers are very badly paid. 许多工人的薪水很低。
　　pay attention (to somebody/something)
　　?SAY SOMETHING GOOD?
　　[transitive] to say something good or polite about or to someone
　　The minister paid tribute to the work of the emergency services. 这位部长前来视察救援工作。
　　I came by to pay my respects (=visit or send a polite greeting to someone) to Mrs Owens. 我顺道拜访欧文太太。
　　I was just trying to pay her a compliment. 我只是想恭维她。
　　?GOOD RESULT?
　　[intransitive] if a particular action pays, it brings a good result or advantage for you
　　Crime doesn't pay. 犯罪没有好处。
　　It pays to get some professional advice before you make a decision. 在你做决策之前，听取专家的建议是有好处的。
　　It would pay you to ask if there are any jobs going at the London office. 你先去询问伦敦办事处有无工作空缺对你会有帮助的： [NextPage]

　　Getting some qualifications now will pay dividends (=bring a lot of advantages) in the long term. 从长远来看，取得一些资历会有好处的。
　　pick sth up (LEARN) phrasal verb
　　1 to learn a new skill or language by practising it rather than being taught it: 学习新技能或语言
　　Don't bother with the computer manual - you'll pick it up as you go along. 不要为这本电脑手册而感到心烦---随着你的使用，你就会学会的。
　　When you live in a country you soon pick up the language. 当你在那个国家居住时，你就会很快学会他们的语言。
　　2 to learn interesting or useful information from someone or something: 了解到有意思的或有用的信息
　　The nurse had picked up the information from a conversation she overheard. 这位护士从她偷听到的对话中获得了这个消息。
　　tip noun [C] INFORMATION
　　a useful piece of information, especially about how to do something or about the likely winner of a race or competition: 有用的信息，提示
　　gardening/cooking/sewing tips 园艺/烹饪/缝纫提示
　　She gave me a useful/helpful/valuable/practical tip about/for growing tomatoes. 她针对如何种植西红柿给了一些有用的/有帮助的/有价值的/使用的提示。
　　tip (PAYMENT) noun [C]
　　a small amount of money given to someone who has provided you with a service, in addition to the official payment and for their personal use: 小费
　　a 15% tip 15%的小费
　　He gave the porter a tip. 他给门童小费。
　　We don't need to leave a tip for the waiter, because there's a service charge included in the bill. 我们没有给服务生留下小费是因为账单中已经包括了服务费。
　　Para.1
　　contact  noun
　　?COMMUNICATION? [uncountable] communication with a person, organization, country etc 联系
　　contact with/between
　　be/get/stay/keep in contact (with somebody)
　　We stay in contact by email. 我们靠互发电子邮件保持联系。
　　We'd like to make contact with other schools in the area. 我们希望与本地区的其他学校保持联系。
　　The children lost contact with their families (=they no longer see them because they do not know where to find them). 孩子们与家里人失去了联系。
　　face-to-face/social/personal contact (=talking to someone who is with you)
　　?PERSON? [countable usually plural]  a person you know who may be able to help or advise you 熟人， 商业伙伴
　　He has a lot of contacts in the media. 他在媒体中有很多朋友。
　　a worldwide network of contacts 广泛的朋友圈
　　business/personal contacts 商业伙伴/私人的朋友
　　contact verb [transitive]
　　to write to or telephone someone 写信或打电话联系某人
　　Please do not hesitate to contact me if you have any queries. 如果你有任何疑问，请不要犹豫与我联系。
　　social  adjective
　　?SOCIETY?
　　relating to human society and its organization, or the quality of people's lives 社会的
　　social issues, such as unemployment and education 社会问题，比如事业和教育
　　the country's serious social problems 这个社会严重的社会问题
　　?RANK? relating to your position in society, according to your job, family, wealth etc 社会阶层的
　　The students come from a variety of social classes (=groups of people that have the same social position). 这些学生来自不同的社会阶层。
　　the social status of her family 她家庭的社会阶层
　　?MEETING PEOPLE?
　　relating to meeting people, forming relationships with them, and spending time with them 交际的，社交的
　　a club with lots of social events 交际活动丰富的俱乐部
　　Exercise classes are a good way to keep fit and improve your social life. 身体训练课是保持身体健康、增进社交生活的好方式。
　　Group play helps children develop social skills (=ability to deal with people easily). 小组活动有助于孩子们发挥交际能力。
　　4 someone who is social enjoys meeting and talking to other people 喜爱社交的
　　?同义词 sociable
　　?socially adverb
　　sociable adjective  someone who is sociable is friendly and enjoys being with other people 喜爱社交的
　　a pleasant, sociable couple 一对高兴并喜爱社交的夫妇
　　context noun [uncountable and countable]
　　1 the situation, events, or information that are related to something and that help you to understand it （事情发生的）背景，来龙去脉，环境
　　political/social/historical etc context 政治/社会/历史背景

　　the political context of the election 这次选举的政治背景
　　place/put/see etc something in context 把某事放在特定背景下看待
　　To appreciate what these changes will mean, it is necessary to look at them in context. 为了能够理解这些变化意味着什么，大家有必要把他们放在特定背景下看待。
　　in the context of something
　　These incidents are best understood in the broader context of developments in rural society. 在农村发展的广阔背景下会更好地理解这些事情。
　　2 the words that come just before and after a word or sentence and that help you understand its meaning 上下文
　　The meaning of 'mad' depends on its context. Mad这个词的意思依赖上下文而不同。
　　setting noun [countable]
　　1 the place where something is or where something happens, and the general environment 背景
　　beautiful/perfect/magnificent setting 美丽的/完美的/壮丽的地方
　　an old farmhouse in a beautiful setting 一处美丽地方的老农场房子
　　setting for
　　Cyprus is the perfect setting for a beach holiday. 塞浦路斯是一处海滨度假的美丽地方。
　　I’ve worked with children in various settings, mainly in secondary school. 我在很多场合都与孩子们打过交道，主要是在中学。
　　2 the place or time where the events in a book, film etc happen 小说、戏剧的背景
　　setting for
　　The island was used by Dickens as the setting for Oliver Twist. 这座岛被迪更斯用来作为他撰写的《雾都孤儿》的背景地。
　　prospect noun
　　1 [uncountable and countable] the possibility that something will happen 前景
　　prospect of doing something
　　I see no prospect of things improving here. 我未看到事情有任何进展
　　There is every prospect (=a strong possibility) of the weather remaining dry this week. 这一周天气还会继续保持干燥。
　　prospect for
　　There are good prospects for growth in the retail sector. 零售行业增长大有希望。
　　prospect that
　　There's a real prospect that England will not qualify for the World Cup. 英格兰队无法进入世界杯赛将会变为现实。
　　2 [singular] a particular event which will probably or definitely happen in the future - used especially when you want to talk about how you feel about it （某一特指在未来会发生的）事件
　　prospect of
　　The prospect of marriage terrified Alice. 婚姻的前景吓住了爱丽丝。
　　Greeks face the prospect of new general elections next month. 希腊人下个月要迎来新一轮的大选。
　　3 prospects [plural] chances of future success 未来成功的前景
　　I had no job, no education, and no prospects. 我没有工作，没有受过良好的教育，也没有成功的可能性。
　　job/career prospects 工作/职业希望
　　Job prospects for graduates don't look good. 大学毕业生的就业前景并不乐观。
　　enjoy verb [transitive]
　　1 to get pleasure from something 喜爱
　　Sandra enjoys her job in the city. … 喜欢她在城里的这份工作。
　　enjoy doing something
　　Young children enjoy helping around the house. 小孩子喜欢在家里帮忙。
　　enjoy yourself
　　(=be happy in a particular situation)
　　2 formal to have a particular ability or advantage 有特长或优势
　　These workers enjoy a high level of job security. 这些工人享有很高的工作安全度。
　　Explanation:
　　Para. 2
　　a rugby match
　　rugby noun [uncountable]
　　an outdoor game played by two teams with an oval (=egg-shaped) ball that you kick or carry 橄榄球
　　sporting adjective [only before noun] relating to sports 体育
　　The college offers a wide range of sporting activities. 这所学院举办了一系列的体育活动。
　　one of the major sporting events of the year 一年中重大体育赛事之一
　　a great sporting achievement 一项重要的体育成绩
　　Britain's sporting heroes 英国体育英雄
　　sporting goods 体育商品
　　?sportingly adverb British English
　　hook [countable]
　　?HANGING THINGS?
　　a curved piece of metal or plastic that you use for hanging things on 钩子
　　Tom hung his coat on the hook behind the door. 汤姆把衣服挂在门后的衣钩上。
　　?CATCHING FISH?
　　a curved piece of thin metal with a sharp point for catching fish 钓鱼竿
　　?INTEREST?
　　something that is attractive and gets people's interest and attention 吸引
　　?同义词 draw
　　You always need a bit of a hook to get people to go to the theatre. 你需要用一些办法来吸引人们到剧院去。
　　hook verb [transitive]
　　?FISH? to catch a fish with a hook 钓鱼
　　I hooked a 20-pound salmon last week. 我上周钓到了一条20磅重的三文鱼。： [NextPage]

　　?INTEREST/ATTRACT?
　　informal to succeed in making someone interested in something or attracted to something 吸引
　　cigarette ads designed to hook young people 烟草广告旨在吸引年轻人感兴趣
　　intimate adjective
　　?RESTAURANT/MEAL/PLACE?
　　private and friendly so that you feel comfortable 气氛融洽的
　　the intimate atmosphere of a country pub 一间乡村酒吧良好的氛围
　　an intimate meal for two 两个人融洽的就餐
　　?FRIENDS? having an extremely close friendship 亲密的（关系）
　　She's on intimate terms with important people in the government. 她与政府要员保持了密切的关系。
　　3 intimate knowledge of something 对某事了如指掌
　　very detailed knowledge of something as a result of careful study or a lot of experience
　　his intimate knowledge of the coal industry 他对矿产行业了如指掌
　　?PRIVATE?
　　relating to very private or personal matters 私人的
　　the publication of intimate details of their affair 他们恋爱的隐私情况被公布
　　?intimately adverb 密切地
　　The two aspects are intimately connected. 这两个方面紧密相连。
　　I am intimately acquainted with the state of my bank account. 我对我银行账户的状况了如指掌。
　　outstanding adjective
　　1 extremely good 杰出的，优秀的
　　an outstanding example of a 13th century castle 一个13世纪城堡的杰出典范
　　an outstanding success 卓越成绩
　　His performance was outstanding. 他的表现特别优秀。
　　2 not yet done, solved, or paid 还未支付，还清的
　　We've got quite a few debts still outstanding. 我们还有一些债务未还清。
　　an outstanding issue 没有解决的问题
　　3 very great or clear 非常的
　　The question of who is in charge is of outstanding importance. 关于谁来负责的问题非常重要。
　　Explanation：Choosing the right event
　　Para.3
　　chat [intransitive]verb
　　past tense and past participle chatted present participle chatting
　　1 also chat away
　　especially British English to talk in a friendly informal way, especially about things that are not important 闲聊
　　John and I sat up until the early hours chatting. 约翰和我坐在那里一直聊到清晨。
　　chat with/to
　　Mary was there, chatting to her mother. 玛丽在那里与她的妈妈聊天。
　　chat about
　　Susie chatted away about her social life. ….聊着她的社交生活。
　　2 to communicate with several people in a chat room on the Internet 网上聊天
　　chat  noun [uncountable and countable] especially British English an informal friendly conversation
　　chat with
　　I've had a long chat with Vinnie. 我与… 进行了一番长谈。
　　chat about
　　a chat about the weather 聊天气
　　On ?PAY?
　　be on somebody
　　spoken used to say who is going to pay for something由某人付费
　　The drinks are on me! 饮料我买单。
　　Each table will get a bottle of champagne on the house (=paid for by the restaurant, hotel etc). 每个桌子上的香槟酒都由餐馆买单。
　　Explanation：Setting clear objectives
　　Para. 4
　　chit-chat noun [uncountable] informal
　　conversation about things that are not very important 聊天，闲谈
　　boring social chit-chat 无聊的社交聊天
　　add up to something phrasal verb
　　to produce a particular total or result 产生某种结果
　　Rising prison population and overcrowding add up to a real crisis. 不断增长的监狱人口和过度的拥挤状况都会导致真正的危机产生。
　　Explanation: Getting down to business
　　Para. 5
　　bring somebody/something ? up phrasal verb
　　1 to mention a subject or start to talk about it 提出某个谈论的话题
　　?同义词 raise
　　Why did you have to bring up the subject of money? 你为什么要提出钱这个话题？
　　2 to look after and influence a child until he or she is grown up 培养带大（孩子）
　　?同义词 raise
　　He was brought up by his grandparents. 他是由他的祖父母带大的。
　　bring somebody up to do something
　　In my day, children were brought up to respect the law. 在我那个时代，孩子被教育成药遵纪守法的人。
　　timing noun
　　1 [uncountable] the skill of doing something at exactly the right time时机掌握
　　perfect/good/bad etc timing
　　He was just walking into the restaurant when we got there. Perfect timing. 我们刚刚抵达的时候他才走进这家饭馆。时机把握得真好。
　　2 [uncountable and countable] the time when someone does something or when something happens, especially when you are considering how suitable this is 时间选择，时间安排： [NextPage]

　　timing of
　　The President and I did not discuss the timing of my departure. 总统和我没有谈到我离开的时间安排。
　　Ferry schedules and precise timings are subject to weather conditions on the day of departure. 轮渡时刻表和准确的时间安排都受到出发当天的天气状况的影响。
　　whisper verb
　　1 [intransitive and transitive] to speak or say something very quietly, using your breath rather than your voice 耳语
　　You don't have to whisper, no one can hear us. 你不必要小声说话，没有人能听到。
　　whisper about
　　What are you two whispering about over there? 你们两个在那里耳语什么呢？
　　whisper something to somebody
　　James leaned over to whisper something to Michael. …将身子斜靠过去向…耳语。
　　2 [transitive] to say or suggest something privately or secretly 密谈
　　whisper that
　　Staff were whispering that the company was about to go out of business. 员工们私下里议论着公司将会破产的事情。
　　whisper noun [countable]
　　1 a very quiet voice you make using your breath and no sound 耳语
　　in a whisper
　　'Where are we going?' he asked in a whisper. “我们在哪呢？”他小声耳语着。
　　2 a piece of news or information that has not been officially announced and may or may not be true 小道消息
　　?同义词 rumour
　　whisper of
　　The first whisper of the redundancies came from the newspapers. 有关减员的小道消息首先是从报纸上传出来的。
　　whisper that
　　There are whispers that the actor was seen checking into a hospital last week. 有消息说这位演员上周住进了医院。
　　Explanation: Choosing the right moment
　　Para. 6
　　according to  preposition
　　1 as shown by something or stated by someone 根据某人所说或某事所展示的那样
　　According to the police, his attackers beat him with a blunt instrument. 根据警方公布的消息，袭击他的人是拿着钝器击打他的。
　　There is now widespread support for these proposals, according to a recent public opinion poll. 根据最新的民意调查，民众都很支持这些提议。
　　2 in a way that depends on differences in situations or amounts 根据情况的差异
　　You will be paid according to the amount of work you do. 根据你所完成的工作量我们会付给你薪水。
　　3 in a way that agrees with a system or plan, or obeys a set of rules 根据规章制度
　　The game will be played according to rules laid down for the 1992 Cup. 这场比赛将会根据1992年世界杯制定的规定而决出胜负。
　　Everything went according to plan, and we arrived on time. 所有事情都是按计划顺利进行，最终我们按时到达了。
　　recipe noun [countable]
　　1 a set of instructions for cooking a particular type of food 烹饪方法
　　recipe for
　　a recipe for tomato soup 西红柿汤的烹饪方法
　　a recipe book 烹饪书籍
　　2 be a recipe for something
　　to be likely to cause a particular result, often a bad one 诀窍，方法
　　She said that five small boys on skis was a recipe for disaster, not a holiday. 她说五个小孩都站在滑雪棍上简直就是制造灾难的办法，而不是去度假。
　　key  adjective [no comparative] very important or necessary 非常重要的
　　key factor/points/questions etc
　　The President makes all the key decisions on foreign policy. 该总统总是在对外政策上做出所有重要决策。
　　key role/player/figure etc (=one with a lot of influence on a result)
　　The show has been hit by the departure of key personnel. 这出剧目的演出由于主要演员的离开而受到很大影响。
　　key  noun [countable]
　　1 a small specially shaped piece of metal that you put into a lock and turn in order to lock or unlock a door, start a car etc
　　key to
　　I can lend you a spare key to the store until you get one cut (=made). 我可以把这把富余的商店钥匙借给你，等你配好了再还给我。
　　?IMPORTANT PART?
　　the key
　　the part of a plan, action etc, that will make it possible for it to succeed 关键
　　the key to
　　Working well as a team is the key to success. 团队工作顺利是成功的关键。
　　a discovery that may hold the key to our understanding of the universe 一项对于了解宇宙至关重要的发现
　　purposeful adjective  having a clear aim or purpose 目标明确的，有决心的
　　?同义词 determined
　　a purposeful and consistent foreign policy 一个目标明确且连贯的对外政策
　　a purposeful movement 一个目标明确的举动
　　?purposefully adverb
　　He walked purposefully to his desk.
　　?purposefulness noun [uncountable]