MBA阅读理解练习含超详细解析（2）
发布时间：2009/12/27 16:24:18 来源：城市学习网 编辑：紫藤
Stratford-on-Avon， as we all know， has only one industry-William Shakespeare-but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company （RSC）， which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon. And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come， not to see the plays， but to look at Anne Hathaway‘s Cottage， Shakespeare’s birthplace and the other sights.
The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSC’s actors， them with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness. It’s all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare， who earns their living， was himself an actor （with a beard） and did his share of noise - making.
The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by bus- and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side– don‘t usually see the plays， and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However， the playgoers do manage a little sight - seeing along with their play going. It is the playgoers， the RSC contends， who bring in much of the town’s revenue because they spend the night （some of them four or five nights） pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall.
The townsfolk don‘t see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there， which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars， the Lear Lounge， the Banqueting Room， and so forth， and will be very expensive.
Anyway， the townsfolk can’t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. （The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1，431 seats were 94 per cent occupied all year long and this year they’ll do better.） The reason， of course， is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low.
It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford‘s most attractive clientele. They come entirely for the plays， not the sights. They all seem to look alike （though they come from all over）–lean， pointed， dedicated faces， wearing jeans and sandals， eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10：30 a.m.
1.From the first two paragraphs， we learn that
A.the townsfolk deny the RSC‘s contribution to the town’s revenue
B.the actors of the RSC imitate Shakespeare on and off stage
C.the two branches of the RSC are not on good terms
D.the townsfolk earn little from tourism
2.It can be inferred from Paragragh 3 that
A.the sightseers cannot visit the Castle and the Palace separately
B.the playgoers spend more money than the sightseers
C.the sightseers do more shopping than the playgoers
D.the playgoers go to no other places in town than the theater
3.By saying “Stratford cries poor traditionally”（Line 2-3， Paragraph 4）， the author implies that
A.Stratford cannot afford the expansion projects
B.Stratford has long been in financial difficulties
C.the town is not really short of money
D.the townsfolk used to be poorly paid
4.According to the townsfolk， the RSC deserves no subsidy because
A.ticket prices can be raised to cover the spending
B.the company is financially ill-managed
C.the behavior of the actors is not socially acceptable
D.the theatre attendance is on the rise
5. From the text we can conclude that the author
A.is supportive of both sides
B.favors the townsfolk‘s view
C.takes a detached attitude
D.is sympathetic to the RS
重点词汇：
superb: a. 卓越的，杰出的，极好的
【例】After six months training, the whole team is in superb form. 全队经过六个月的训练竞技状态极佳。
townsfolk: n. 市民, 市镇居民
sandal: n. 便鞋,凉鞋
playgoer: n. 爱看戏的人,常看戏的人
lounge: n. 闲逛,休闲室,长沙发 v. 闲混,懒洋洋地躺卧
【例】Don't lounge around all day: do something! 别整天闲逛，做点事情吧！
She is waiting for me in the departure lounge. 她在候机室等我。
I don't want to lounge about town. I have other things to do. 我不想在市区闲逛。我还有别的事要做。
subsidy: n. 补助金,津贴（尤指政府为扶持工业、资助艺术事业、平抑物价而发放的）
【例】The islanders don't want to leave, and probably wouldn't if there were a subsidy to reduce freight charges. But they don't see that happening. 岛上居民不愿离开；要是有补助金使运输费用降低的话，他们很可能不会离开。但是，他们对补助金并不存奢望。
【动】subsidize v. 给某人津贴或补贴
lean: n. 瘦肉,倾斜,弯曲 a. 瘦的,贫乏的,歉收的 v. 倚靠,倾斜,依赖
【例】The little girl only eats lean pork. 这个小女孩只吃瘦肉。
He leant on the back of the sofa. 他斜靠在沙发的背上。
If they don't pay soon we'll have to lean on them a little. 要是他们不马上付款，我们就得给他们加点压力了。
He leans towards more lighthearted subjects in his later works. 他在後期的创作中倾向於比较轻松的主题。
bun: n. 小面包
难句分析：
①And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway’s Cottage, Shakespeare’s birthplace and the other sights.
分析：who引导定语从句修饰townsfolk，not… but 结构的意思是不是…而是。
翻译：也有一些市镇居民很大程度上依靠游客生活，这些游客不是来看戏剧的，而是游览安娜.海瑟威的小屋，莎士比亚诞生地以及其他景点的。
②They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over)---lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing—room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.
分析：从结构上讲，这是一个简单句，波折号前面是主干，后面是修饰性短语。Held for 以及sold to 分别引导两个分词结构修饰tickets。
翻译：尽管他们来自各地，看起来却都差不多――有一张很瘦、严肃而专注的面孔，穿着牛仔和凉鞋，啃着小面包，晚上睡在剧院外面的石板上，为了在早上10点半售票窗口打开的时候买到为这些睡觉的人准备的20张坐票和80张站票。
答案分析：
1.
参考答案：A。由题目定位到前两段。首先看A选项，意思是：市民否认了RSC对城镇收入的恭献。由文章第二段一句The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue可明显看出，居民们怀疑剧院是否对收入作出一点贡献。意思就是否认了其对城镇收入的贡献。注意RSC就是这里的theatre。接着看B选项，意思是：RSC的演员在台上和台下模仿莎士比亚。这个在前两段确实有相关的内容，但是第二段中只是说演员在相貌上模仿莎士比亚，但是没有提到台上台下的问题。因此不能入选。然后是C选项，意思是：RSC的两个分支相处不好。这个选项属于偷换概念类干扰项。原文说的是这个城镇有两个分支互相敌对，而不是RSC有两个分支互相敌对。因此排除。最后是D选项，意思是：城镇居民从旅游业获取的利润很少。但是请看原文这句话：And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come。其中的largely这个词明显表明他们赚的钱肯定不少。因此也不能入选。
2.
参考答案是：B。由题目定位到第三段。首先看A选项，意思是：观光者不能单独参观城堡和宫殿。请看The sightseers who come by bus- and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side这句话。这里只说观光者经常这么做，而不是一直都这么做。A选项将其绝对化了，因此不能入选。接着看B选项，意思是：看戏的人比观光的人花钱多。由第三段这句话It is the playgoers, the ESC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue because they spend the night可以看出，看戏的人对城镇的收入贡献最大。而且从细节上看，看戏的人一般都住四五天，而观光的人一天就走了。因此B正确。关于C选项与B选项是相反的，既然B对，C自然就排除了。具体到do some shopping的细节，原文没有提到（如果在旅店和饭店消费不算shopping的话），因此更不能入选。最后是D选项，意思是看戏者除了看戏哪里都不去。这种选项属于绝对化选项，一般是不对的。由原文中However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their playgoing.看出，看戏者还是做点观光之类的事情的。因此D选项排除。
3.
参考答案是：C。由题目定位到所指原句，然后接着往下读：Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive.可以看出，这个城镇并不穷。如果穷，怎么会有那么多旅店里有鸡尾酒和休息室，甚至一些very expensive的东西。因此，所谓的cry poor，在中文里就是哭穷的意思。自然看出Stratford是在装着哭穷。再联系C选项：这个城镇事实上并不缺钱。因此入选。再看A选项，说其不能承担工程的费用。既然不缺钱，当然不会承担不起了。因此自然排除。然后是B选项，意思是其一直都有经济困难。和A选项一样，都是一个原因。只要明白了其并不缺钱这个事实，就不会选这个选项了。最后是D选项，意思是说市民曾经的收入很少。也许这也是个事实，但是在原文中并未体现。原文只是表明了市民现在的收入很可观。因此也不能入选。
4.
参考答案是：D。题目问到，为什么市民认为不应该给RSC补贴？定位到原文倒数第二段：The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied all year long and this year they’ll do better.可见市民认为剧院几乎场场爆满的状况肯定赚了很多钱。但是他们并不知道其实票价很低。所以市民是通过剧院的就座率看出RSC并不需要补贴的。联系D选项：剧院的就座率在上升。自然入选。再看A选项，意思是：票价能够涨到抵消花费的程度。但是原文中虽然提到了票价的问题，但是市民并不知道票价的高低，他们只是看到了剧院的就座率。因此该选项不能入选。然后是B选项，意思是公司的经济管理不善。这个选项从常理上就是不对的，经济管理不善应该导致收入减少，所以才应该接收补贴。从原文中也并没有提到公司的管理问题，因此该选项排除。最后是C选项，意思是演员的表现并不能在社会上被接受。这个选项和财政问题基本没关系，而且即使有关系，演员表现不好自然会导致收入减少，同样也就应该接受补贴了。
5.
参考答案是：D。这个是全文理解题。只要你读懂了全文，自然这道题就明白了。文章的大意就是说明RSC表面上生意很好，场场基本爆满，但是其实并赚不到多少钱。然而当地的居民却不理解，认为其接收补贴不合理。因此可以看出，作者在同情RSC。因此D选项入选。而A选项：两边都支持，显然不合作者的本意。作者至少是不支持当地居民的。B选项：赞成当地居民的观点。由文章大意可以看出这是个相反的干扰项。最后是C选项，里面有这个词：detached。意思是：超然的，不偏不倚的：不含感情因素的，不含个人偏见的参见。这个词在以往试题中并不多见，看来考试中心也有创新精神呵呵。但是同样是由于从文章大意中看出作者的态度比较鲜明，因此不是不偏不倚的。
全文翻译：
众所周知Stratford-on-Avon只有一个产业,那就是威廉?莎士比亚,但这儿却有两个相互独立的部门,他们随着时间的变化而日益变得敌对。这儿有皇家莎士比亚公司（RSC），它拥有莎士比亚记忆剧院的戏剧绝对出品权。这儿的居民大部分是靠来游玩的游客生活，这些游客并不是来看戏剧的，而是来看Anne Hathaway的庄园，莎士比亚的出生地和其他的景色。
Stratford的当地乡绅们都质疑剧院有没有增加税收。他们直言讨厌RSC的演员，这些演员留着长头发，长胡须，拖着凉鞋，吵吵嚷嚷。这真是一种绝妙的讽刺，当你看到以此为生的莎士比亚,作为演员留着胡子制造并享受着这些噪声.
游客群并不是完全分开的。游览者乘公车来,，经常会去游览Warwick城堡和Blenheim宫殿，通常不会去看戏，并且他们中的一些人甚至会对在Stratford能找到剧院感到惊讶。然而，游客也只是在他们旅游途中沿途看风景。RSC辩解说，游客会给城镇带来许多地税收，因为他们通常花晚上（有些是四到五个晚上）的时间住在宾馆。这些游览者可以在黄昏做任何事情。
居民却没有看到这种方式。地方政府也直接没有给予RSC补贴。Stratford一向都比较穷。然而城镇上每一家旅馆似乎没有增加一张新的房间或新的休息室。希尔顿也建在这儿建了一座酒店，这里可以确定的是被装饰一新的Hamlet Hamburger吧，Lear休息室，宴会厅等等。这里的消费将很 贵。
无论如何，居民不明白为什么RSC需要补贴。（剧院已经打破了连续三年以来的缺席率。去年整年的1431个座位的就坐率达到了94%，今年将会更好。）当然，原因是，花费高了，而票价仍然很低。
增加票价是一件很为难的事情，因为这样会把Stratford的最大吸引者年轻人赶走。他们完全是为了戏而来，不是为风景。他们看上去都很相似（尽管他们来自世界各地）－都一样身体倾斜，言语尖锐，娇好的面容，穿着牛仔裤，拖着凉鞋，吃着小面包，晚上睡在剧院外的石头上，他们买上20张座位票和80张站票，然后在上午10：30把这些票卖掉。
