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2015年考研英语冲刺阅读理解训练习题(154)
发布时间:2011/10/27 17:33:00 来源:城市学习网 编辑:admin
  Directions:
  In the following text,some sentences have been removed.For Questions l:5,choose the most suitable one from the list A_G to fit into each of the numbered blanks.There are two extra choices,which do not fit in any of the blanks.
  Professor Chester Baker has seen it time and again in his management class:A case study comes up for discussion and his black students tune out.①The reason?Baker,of Huston-Tillotson University in Texas,says it is partly because case studies almost always focus on white entrepreneurs--who live in a different business world from black business owners.
  (1) __________________.
  That could soon change,at least a bit.
  Baker was one of several instructors at schools with large minority populations who gathered recently at Babson College,outside Boston,as part of a Ford Motor C0.funded project to develop more case studies on black-owned businesses.(2) ______________________________.
  Case studies form the backbone of the curriculum for hundreds of thousands of students in undergraduate business and graduate MBA programs.Students work through dozens of these short summaries of real-life dilemmas to simulate business decision-makin9.
  But some teachers say very few capture the complexities of race in business.
  Stephen Spinelli,Babson’s vice provost for entrepreneurship,dates the project to a talk he gave to management school deans of historically black colleges.(3) ______.
  “Doing some quick homework。it was about 2 percent,”Spinelli says.“I said,‘We know entrepreneurship and we know how to write cases.You know the African-American community.Why don’t we bring a group together?’”
  (4) ______.Of those,a few focus on minority-owned businesses and career issues, but others focus on managerial topics like overseeing a diverse team of workers,marketing to minorities and handling discrimination complaints.
  The professors working with Babson say they have not found much that is relevant to the typical black entrepreneur.
  According to a 2002 Babson study,blacks are 50 percent more likely than whites to become entrepreneurs--that is,to start a business.Among men with advanced degrees such as MBAs,blacks are 2.6 times as likely to start businesses.
  (5) ______.
  Last month,with Baker and other visiting professors observin9,Spinelli conducted a test—run of one case the group is developing with a Babson MBA class.The case focused on Babson alumnus Eric Johnson,who ran a family hair-care products business and later turned an ice cream maker with roots in Chica90’s black community into a national food company.。
  [A]He was urging them to make better use of the case teaching method when an audience member asked how many cases featured black entrepreneurs.
  [B]“Practically all the cases we have are for white-owned businesses,”he says.
  [C]Would borrowing money from a bank really have been a simple option for Johnson’s company in the
  1970s?Might he have to hire white employees to deal with white buyers?
  [D]But the companies they form tend to be smaller,community-based organizations rather than the tech startups with venture capital funding that figure prominently in published cases.④rE]It makes students realize that there are different variables to every situation based on different cultures.
  [F]In the catalog of Harvard Business School Publishin9,which sells 80 percent of the cases used by business schools,just 2.8 percent of the 6,000 available cases deal with race.
  [G]They hope to create a dozen or so that could be worked into curriculums around the country as early as this fall. [NextPage]

  难句透析

  ①Professor Chester Baker has seen it time and again in his management class:A case study comes up for discussion and his black students tune out.

  【结构】 本句中的代词“it”指冒号后面的部分“A case study comes up for discussion and his black students tune out”。

  【释义】切斯特·贝克教授在他开的管理课的课堂上常常看到,每逢案例研究开始进行讨论时,黑人学生则一言不发。

  ②0f those,”a few focus on minority-owned businesses and career issues,but”others focus on managerial topics like overseeing a diverse team of workers,marketing tO minorities and handling discrimination complaints,

  【结构】代词“those”指其前一句话中的“cases”。本句是由“but”连接的两个分句并列而成的并列句。三个并列的动名词短语“0verseein9…,marketin9…and handlin9…”用做介词“like”的宾语。

  【释义】在这些案例中,有一些集中在少数民族所有的企业和发展问题上,而其他案例集中在管理问题上,比如管理一批成员复杂的工作人员,在少数民族中开展营销以及应对有关种族歧视的申诉等。

  ③The case focused on Babson alumnus Eric Johnson,[wh0 1’ran a family hair-care products business and later turned an ice cream maker with roots in Chica90’S black community into a national food company].

  【结构】方括号所标示的后置的非限制性定语从句修饰“Eric Johnson”。这个定语从句中有两个并列的谓语动词“ran…and,..turned…int0...”。

  【释义】这个案例涉及的核心人物是巴布森大学的校友埃里克·约翰逊。他先开了一家护发产品的家族企业,后来又把以芝加哥黑人社区为基础的一家冰淇淋厂发展成为全国性的食品公司。

  ④But the companies['they form]tend tO be smaller,community—based organizations rather than the tech startups with venture capital funding[that figure prominently in published cases3.

  【结构】第一个方括号所标示的后置定语从句修饰“the companies”,代词“they”指前一句中的“blacks”。第一个方括号所标示的后置定语从句修饰“startups”。

  【释义】但是,他们所开的公司往往规模较小,以社区为基础,而不是那种在公布的案例中特别突出的靠风险资本资助的技术创业企业。

  全文翻译

  切斯特·贝克教授在他开的管理课的课堂上常常看到。每逢案例研究开始进行讨论时,黑人学生则一言不发。为什么会这样?来自位于得克萨斯州的休斯敦提勒斯顿大学的贝克教授认为,部分是因为案例研究总是关于白人企业家的——这些人和黑人企业主完全生活在不同的商业社会当中。

  (1) ____________

  但这样的情况很快就会改观,至少会稍微改变一下。

  作为由福特电机公司赞助的一项工程的一部分,最近有很多少数民族聚集到了波士顿城外的拜布逊学院,他们的目标是创建更多的关于黑人所有企业的案例,而贝克教授就是几位教师中的一位。(2) ____________

  对成千上万的商学院的本科生和MBA项目中的研究生来说,案例研究就是他们课程的核心。学生们通过分析这些现实生活中进退两难的情境来学习如何做出商业决策。

  但是一些老师们认为很少有人能抓住商业中错综复杂的种族问题。

  拜布逊学院主管企业家身份的副教务长史蒂芬·斯宾耐利特别记得他给传统上就是黑人居多的多所学校的管理学院的教务长们的一次讲话。(3) ____________

  斯宾耐利说:“如果很快地算一下,那大概只有2%左右,我当时的回答是,‘我们都熟悉商业人物而且我们也都知道如何撰写案例。你熟知美国黑人社会状况。我们于嘛不合作呢?”

  (4) ____________在这些案例中,有一些集中在少数民族所有的企业和发展问题上,而其他案例集中在管理问题上,比如管理一批成员复杂的工作人员,在少数民族中开展营销以及应对有关种族歧视的申诉等。

  在拜布逊工作的教授们承认他们并没有发现有多少案例是和传统的黑人企业家相关的。

  根据拜布逊在2002年的一项研究,黑人要比白人多50%的可能性成为企业家一也就是创办自己的生意。在拥有如MBA这样的高学历的人群中,黑人创办公司的可能性比白人高出2.6倍。

  (5) ____________

  上个月,在贝克教授及其他访问学者的旁观下,斯宾耐利用该小组与一个拜布逊的MBA班合作创建的案例讲了一次实验课。这个案例涉及的核心人物是巴布森大学的校友埃里克·约翰逊。他先开了一家护发产品的家族企业,后来又把以芝加哥黑人社区为基础的一家冰淇淋厂发展成为全国性的食品公司。③

  [A]当他正在强调要更好地利用案例教学方案时,观众中有人提问说到底有多少案例是关于黑人企业家的。[B]他说,“基本上我们现有的案例都是白人所有企业的案例。”

  [C]那么在20世纪70年代的时候,约翰逊的公司从银行借贷是最便捷的方式吗?他是否为了要和白人顾客打交道而必须雇佣白人员工呢?

  [D]但是,他们所开的公司往往规模较小,以社区为基础,而不是那种在公布的案例中特别突出的靠风险资本资助的技术创业企业。

  [E]这让学生们都意识到,因为文化的差异,每种情况都会存在许多差异。

  [F]在哈佛商学院出版社的目录里可供使用的6000个案例中大概只有2.8%和种族问题相关,而哈佛商学院发布的案例占到目前所有商学院所使用案例中的80%。

  [G]他们希望最早在今年夏天能创建十几例能在全国范围内的课程中使用的案例。

  超纲词汇

  alumnus 男毕业生,男校友

  backbone n.脊椎,中枢,骨干,支柱

  provost n.学院院长,教务长

  entrepreneurship n.企业家身份

  oversee v.俯瞰,监视,检查,视察

  参考答案:1.B 2.G 3.A 4.F 5.D

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