2015年考研英语阅读理解考前专项训练（66）
发布时间：2012/11/2 13:02:53 来源：城市网学院 编辑：admin
Some of the current vexing conservation problems may be solved by technological developments.A highly technological society obviously requires fin abundant and reliable source of energy.Research on nuclear fusion as fl source of power indicates that this process could replace nuclear fission as a power source in some areas，but it appears to be too technologically demanding for widespread application.Solar energy，in its various modified forms，may be a more universally available source of power.
Apart from the development of major new sources of power，the greatest promise for the future of mineral resources and for the prevention of pollution of the environment lies in new technologies involving the recycling and reclamation of what are now considered waste products.Demands for new minerals will be greatly reduced when those already available in population centres can be reused more readily. Reclamation of sewage and other organic wastes and restoration of these materials to soils can help to arrest losses in soil fertility and structure and to reduce the need for new supplies of chemical nutrients for soil fertilization.If development of technologies for recycling and reutilization continues，many of the existing problems of environmental pollution will be solved.
In addition to the breeding of new strains of crop plants，the development of agricultural disease-and pest—control techniques that do not involve the release of persistent，poisonous chemicals into the environment holds promise for the production of greatly increased quantities of food and fibre from smaller areas of the Earth's surface.①Two such techniques are mixed croppin9，in which different crops are planted within an area to contain the spread of pests，and integrated pest management，in which as many pest—control methods as possible are used in an ecologically harmonious manner to keep infestation within manageable limits.o Much more intensive development of aquaculture（cultivation of the natural produce of water），perhaps utilizing coolant water from nuclear-power plants，can also produce much higher food yields from smaller areas than are now usually obtainable.As a result of these advances in intensive food production，agriculturally marginal lands and the wilder aquatic areas would be spared for the continued support of wild species as well as for the adventure and recreation of mankind，thus helping to solve one of the most troublesome of all conservation problems，the conservation of wild nature. ［38 words］
1.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to this passage?
A.Nuclear fusion may well replace nuclear fission.
B.Nuclear fusion may be a more universally available source of power than nuclear fission.
C.Reclamation of“waste products”may help to reduce our demands for new minerals.
D.A highly technological society is exclusively dependent on the development of nuclear power.
2.The underlined word“arrest”in the second paragraph most probably means______.
A.check
B.capture
C.absorb
D.hold
3.It can be inferred from this passage that______.
A.solar energy can never be exhausted
B.nuclear energy will be replaced by solar energy
C.human demands for natural resources might be contained
D.integrated pest management depends on mixed cropping
4.The third paragraph is mainly about______.
A.intensive development of aquaculture
B.mixed cropping and integrated pest management
C.the development of agricultural disease and pest—control techniques
D.what the progress of agricultural technologies does to environmental protection
5.Which of the following can serve as the proper title for this passage?
A.Nature Conservation
B.Areas of Promise in Conservation
C.The Development of New Sources of Power
D.The Development of Agricultural Techniques 难句透析
①In addition to the breeding of new strains of crop plants，the development of agricultural disease and pest—control techniques[that do not involve the release of persistent，poisonous chemicals into the environment]holds promise for the production of greatly increased quantities of food and fibre from smaller areas of the Earth's surface.
【结构】方括号所标示的部分是“techniques”的后置定语从句。本句的主语是“the development”，谓语是“holds promise”。
【释义】除了培育作物新品种之外，还开发了一批农业新技术，这些技术能抵御作物病虫害，但不会向周围环境持续释放有毒化学物质，从而使人类能在地球表面不大的范围内生产出越来越大量的食品和纤维。
②Two such techniques are“mixed croppin9，[in which different crops are planted within an area to contain the spread of pests]。and”integrated pest management，[in which as many pest—control methods as possible are used in an ecologically harmonious manner to keep infestation within manageable limits].
【结构】第一个“in which”引导的定语从句修饰“mixed croppin9”，第二个“in which”引导的定语从句修饰“inte grated pest management”。第二个定语从句中的主语是“as many pest—control methods as possible”。
【释义】有两种这样的抵御作物病虫害的农业技术。其一是作物套种，即在同一块田地套种不同作物以抵御虫害的扩散；其二是采用综合措施抵御虫害，即尽可能使用多种抵御虫害的措施，以生态和谐的方式，把虫害限制在可控程度内。
全文翻译
目前一些烦人的能源节约问题将随着科技的发展而得以解决。一个科技高度发达的社会肯定需要充足且稳定的能源供应。对将核聚变作为一种能量城市网的研究表明，这个过程可以在一些地区取代核裂变作为能源的状况，但现在看来这样做对科技的要求太高因此也不利于推广。而太阳能则具备多种利用的形式，它或许更能成为一种全球适用的能源。
除了开发主要的新能源之外，未来最有可能取代矿产资源并防止环境污染的措施还包括对循环和回收利用现有废弃品的技术的开发。如果能够稳定地再利用现在已经存在于人口中心的废弃物，那么对新的矿产的需求将会大大减少。回收下水道废弃物和其他有机废品，并将其作为堆肥，有助于抑制土壤营养的流失和保持土壤结构，还可以减少在为土地增肥时使用的化学营养剂的使用量。如果对循环和回收利用的科技发明不断进步，那么现存的很多环境污染问题将能迎刃而解。
除了培育作物新品种之外，还开发了一批农业新技术，这些技术能抵御作物病虫害，但不会向周围环境持续释放有毒化学物质，从而使人类能在地球表面不大的范围内生产出越来越大量的食品和纤维。有两种这样的抵御作物病虫害的农业技术。其一是作物套种，即在同一块田地套种不同作物以抵御虫害的扩散；其二是采用综合措施抵御虫害，即尽可能使用多种抵御虫害的措施，以生态和谐的方式，把虫害限制在可控程度内。更加大力地开发水产业（即对自然水产品的人工培殖），或许使用核电站的制冷水能使一些小地方的食物产量比现有水平提高很多。
由于食物生产力的提高，很多农业边缘地带和更广泛的水域将可以留作野生动物的栖息地，也可以用于人类的探险和休闲娱乐活动，这也将有助于解决所有保护节约问题中最棘手的一个，即对野生自然环境的保护。
超纲词汇
Aquaculture n.水产业
Fertility n.肥沃，丰产，人口生产
fission n.裂开，分裂，裂变
Infestation n.（害虫、盗贼）出没，横行
recycle v.使再循环，反复应用
Sewage n.下水道，污水
strain n.菌株，系，种
参考答案：1.C 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.B
