2015年考研英语阅读理解考前专项训练（138）
发布时间：2012/11/7 15:17:56 来源：城市网学院 编辑：admin
Not all of the news is bad，however.There has been some movement toward the conservator society.
On the positive side of the energy ledger，for example，fuel-efficient gasoline-electric hybrid cars are in production and are be#ing increasingly popular；#bustion turbines that produce electricitv far more efficiently than those of the past are being introduced；and fuel cell technology has advanced surprisingly fast.① If research support is maintained vigorously，we could see major improvements in the next several decades. There is similar good news in the improved energy performance of lightin9，buildings，and appliances，thanks to advances in materials，#puter controls，and construction methods.
Perhaps the best news #es from the growing recognition that improved efficiency results not only in reduced demands on resources and lower environmental externality costs，but also in generally reduced costs to consumers.∞As a consequence，resource and energy efficiency are now widely viewed as an attractive option from virtually every perspective--except for automobiles，where smaller，lighter cars are criticized by the industry as being more dangerous than heavy sport—utility vehicles.⑦
Of course，the amount of time that has passed since I first offered my observations is but a moment in human history，so perhaps we should not expect great change in things such as global biodiversity， global climate，energy resources，and human population.These phenomena are all characterized bv relatively slow change.But human population has advanced with lightning speed in terms of numbers and economic and environmental activities，so fast that we have probably no more than 100 years left to stabilize population，C02 atmospheric concentrations，biodiversity，and energy systems。to cite but a few items--otherwise，humankind will be forced to settle for a substantially #promised future.④
The conservator society can be achieved，hut only by sustained effort.The efforts must be global， but the United States should。by all rights，lead.The first and foremost requirement is to understand that our traditional exponential model of progress is，at best，anachronistic and desperately needs to be succeeded by an equilibrium model.o The second requirement is to devise fl new economic perspective that incorporates environmental COSTS and benefits into national accounts，so that these factors are considered in making market decisions.
Let's face it：Humans are not only the most powerful members of Earth's #munity；we arguably are also the most intelligent and creative.Thus，it is in our grasp to creatively and productively build an ever more attractive future for ourselves，our descendants，and for the rest of the biosphere.But right now，we can be more accurately described as the most invasive and exotic species ever imagined.Surely, we can and must do better.[444 words]
1.All of the following can serve as the evidence of the movement toward the conservator society， EXCEPT______.
A.the improvement of ruel cell technology
B.fuel-efficient gasoline-electric hybrid cars
C.major improvements in the next several decades
D.the improved energy performance of lightin9，buildings，and appliances
2.The main idea of the 4th paragraph is that______.
A.the conservator society cannot be achieved without sustained effort
B.humankind is facing fl dim future
C.the change of human population is very fast
D.the change of human population is relatively slow
3.It can be learned from this text that the conservator society______.
A.can surely be achieved in no more than l 00 years
B.can be considered a substantially #promised future
C.needs to be succeeded by the leading role of the U.S.
D.can hardly be achieved without the efforts of the U.S.
4.The author's attitude toward the achievement of the conservator society is______.
A.pessimistic
B.optimistic
C.depressing
D.indifferent
5.Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
A.Signs of Promise
B.The Conservator Society
C.Resource and Energy Efficiency
D.Building an Ever More Attractive Future [NextPage] 难句透析
①On the positive side of the energy ledger，for example，fuel efficient gasoline-electric hybrid cars are in produc tion and are be#ing increasingly popular；#bustion turbines[that produce electricity far more efficiently than those of the past]are being introduced；and“fuel cell technology has advanced surprisingly fast.
【结构】本句是由三个分句组成的并列句，其结构形式为”A；B；and C“。在第二个分句中，方括号所标示的部分是”#bustion turbines“的后置定语从句。
【释义】例如，在能源构成的积极方面，正在生产节能型油电混合能源汽车，这种汽车会越来越流行；正在引入发电效率比过去高得多的发电机；燃料电池技术发展速度快得令人吃惊。
②Perhaps the best news #es from the growing recognition[that improved efficiency results not only”in reduce demands on resources and lower environmental externality COSTS，but als0“in generally reduced COSTS tO consumers]，
【结构】方括号所标示的部分是”the growing recognition“的同位语从句。从句中的谓语动词是不及物动词”resuhs“，后面跟两个用”not only…but als0…“连接的介词”in…“短语。
【释义】或许，最令人高兴的消息是人们越来越认识到，提高效率不仅减少了对资源的需求，降低了外在环境付出的代价，而且普遍减少了消费者的支出。
③As a consequence，resource and energy efficiency are nOW widely viewed as an attractive option from vi0：ually every perspective except for automobiles，[where smaller，lighter cars are criticized by the industry as being more dangerous than heavy sport—utility vehicles].
【结构】方括号所标示的部分是关系副词”where“引导的”automobiles“的后置定语从句。主句谓语”are… viewed as“和从句谓语”are criticized…as“都是被动语态。动名词短语”bein9…“是第二个”as“的宾语。
【释义】其结果是，如今各方面都普遍认为资源和能源的高利用率是吸引人的选择。只有汽车例外，汽车业批评小型、轻型汽车，说它们比笨重的体育运动用车危险性大。
④But human population has advanced with lightning speed in terms of numbers and economic and environmental ae— tivities，SO fast[that we have probably no more than l00 years left tO stabilize population，Co2 atmospheric concen trations，biodiversity，and energy systems，tO cite but a few items--otherwise，humankind will be forced to settle for a substantially #promised future.
【结构】方括号所标示的部分是结果状语从句。”no more than“：不过，仅仅。
【释义】但是，人口飞速增加，人类的经济活动和影响环境的活动飞速增多，速度极快，以至于为了稳定人口、稳定 大气中积聚的二氧化碳、稳定生物多样化、稳定能源体系，就说这几项吧，留给我们的时间或许只有100年了。如 果到时做不到的话，未来世界将会遭到严重损害。人类将被迫生活在被严重损害的世界中。
⑤The first and foremost requirement is[to understand（that our traditional exponential model of progress”is，at best，anachronistic and 2'desperately needs tO be succeeded by an equilibrium model）].
【结构】方括号所标示的动词不定式短语是主句的表语。圆括号所标示的部分是“tO understand”的宾语从句，其 中有两个用“and”连接的并列的谓语动词is和“needs”。
【释义】首先，最重要的事情是要理解，我们传统使用的指数增长模式充其量是一种时代性的错误，迫切需要被均 衡增长模式所取代。 [NextPage] 全文翻译
并非所有的消息都是坏消息。现在就有倾向于节约型社会发展的行动正在发生。
例如，在能源构成的积极方面，正在生产节能型油电混合能源汽车，这种汽车会越来越流行；正在引入发电效率比过去高得多的发电机；燃料电池技术发展速度快得令人吃惊。如果对这些活动的研究支持积极地开展下去的话，我们将能在未来的几十年中看到巨大的进步。与此同时，在照明、建筑和家电等方面我们也看到了在能耗方面的进步，这多亏了在材料、计算机控制以及建筑方法等方面的进步。
或许，最令人高兴的消息是人们越来越认识到，提高效率不仅减少了对资源的需求，降低了外在环境付出的代价，而且普遍减少了消费者的支出。②其结果是，如今各方面都普遍认为资源和能源的高利用率是吸引人的选择。只有汽车例外，汽车业批评小型、轻型汽车，说它们比笨重的体育运动用车危险性大。③
当然，从我第一次就此事发表意见到现在的这么一段时问在人类历史上只不过是短暂的一瞬间，所以我们或许不应该对全球生物多样性、全球气候、能源以及人口等问题发生巨大变化抱有太高的期望。这些现象的共同特征就是相对缓慢的变化速度。但是，人口飞速增加，人类的经济活动和影响环境的活动飞速增多，速度极快，以至于为了稳定人口、稳定大气中积聚的二氧化碳、稳定生物多样化、稳定能源体系，就说这几项吧，留给我们的时间或许只有100年了。如果到时做不到的话，未来世界将会遭到严重损害。人类将被迫生活在被严重损害的世界中。 节约型社会确实能够实现，但这需要持续的努力。同时这还需要全球共同努力，但无论从哪方面说，美国都应该做领头羊。首先，最重要的事情是要理解，我们传统使用的指数增长模式充其量是一种时代性的错误，迫切需要被均衡增长模式所取代。其次，是需要一种全新的经济发展观，这种新的观点要能将环境成本计入国家收益的总账当中，从而使得在政策的制定过程中能综合考虑这些因素。
让我们面对现实：人类并非地球社区中最强有力的成员；我们作为最具智慧和创造力生物的地位也值得商榷。因此，我们更应该发挥我们所有的创造力和生产力，为我们自己，我们的子孙后代，以及整个生物圈的其他成员建造一个更加诱人的未来。但是目前，最准确地说，我们只能被描述为所能设想到的最具侵犯性和异化的物种。当然，我们可以——并且必须——做得更好。
超纲词汇
Anachronistic 时代错误的
#bustion n.燃烧
Exotic 异国情调的，外来的，奇异的
exponential 指数的，幂数的
ledger n.横木，总帐，注册
Equilibrium n.平衡，均衡
参考答案：1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.A
