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职称英语解析:让步状语及时间状语重点语法
发布时间:2015/4/12 9:19:37 来源:城市网学院 编辑:ida

 职称英语的状语从句指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。

  根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导,也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开,位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。

  让步状语从句

  (1)although与though可以引导让步状语从句,不能与but连用,但可以与yet连用。

  Although they are poor,(yet)they are warm-hearted.

  (2)even if或even though引导让步状语从句,表示“即使”,““纵然”,用来使人注意下文所强调内容的性质。

  I‘ll get there even if(though)I have to sell my house to get enough money to go by air.

  (3)no matter后接上who、what、where、how等疑问词,也可以在这类疑问词后面加上ever构成whoever、whatever、 wherever、however等。

  Don’t trust him, no matter what / whatever he says.

  Whoever breaks the law will be published.

  No matter how hard the work is, you‘d better try to do it well.

  (4)as也可以引导让步状语从句,要用倒装。

  Child as(though)he is, he knows a lot.

  Much as I like it, I won’t buy.

  Try as he would, he couldn‘t lift the heavy box.

  时间状语从句

  (1)as、when、while

  as表示“当……的时候”,往往和when/while通用,但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。

  She came up as I was cooking.(同时)

  The runners started as the gun went off.(几乎同时)

  when:(at or during the time that)既可以表示在某一点的时候,又可表示在某一段时间内,主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。

  It was raining when we arrived.(指时间点)

  When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段时间内)

  while意思是“当……的时候”或“在某一段时间里”。主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生,从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。在when表示a period of time时,两者可以互换。

  Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.

  He fell asleep while/when reading. Strike while the iron is hot.(用as或when不可,这里的while意思是“趁……”)

  (2)引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有:

  ①till、not…until…、until、before、since

  Don‘t get off the bus until it has stopped.

  He waited for his father until(till)it was twelve o’clock.

  It will be five years before he returns from England.

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