每日一讲
　　2013年综合类C级阅读判断真题
　　Kicking the Habit
　　What is a bad habit? The most #mon definition is that it is something that we do regularly, almost without thinking about it, and which has some sort of negative consequence. This consequence could affect those around us, or it could affect us personally. Those who deny having bad habits are probably lying. Bad habits are part of what makes us human.
　　Many early habits, like sucking our thumb, are broken when we are very young. We are either told to stop doing it by our parents, or we consciously or subconsciously observe that others do not have the same habit, and we gradually grow out of it. It is when we intentionally or unintentionally pick up new habits in our later childhood or early adulthood that it be#es a problem. Unless we can break that habit early on, it be#es “programmed” into our brain.
　　A recent study of human memory suggests that no matter how hard we try to change our habits, it is the old ways that tend to win, especially in situations where we are rushed, stressed or overworked. Habits that we thought we had got rid of can suddenly #e back. During the study programme, the researchers showed a group of volunteers several pictures, and gave them words to associate with them. They then showed the volunteers the same pictures again, and gave them new words to associate with them.
　　A few days later, the volunteers were given a test. The researchers showed them the pictures, and told them to respond with one of the words they had been given for each one. It came as no surprise that their answers were split between the first set of words and the second. Two weeks later, they were given the same test again. This time, most of them only gave the first set of words. They appeared to have #pletely forgotten the second set.
　　The study confirms that the responses we learn first are those that remain strongest over time. We may try to change our ways, but after a while, the response that #es to mind first is usually the first one we learned. The more that response is used, the more automatic it be#es and the harder it be#es to respond in any other way.
　　The study therefore suggests that over time, our bad habits also be#e automatic, learned behaviour. This is not good news for people who picked up bad habits early in life and now want to change or break them.
　　Even when we try to put new, good intentions into practice, those previously learned habits remain stronger in more automatic, unconscious forms of memory.
　　16Boys usually develop bad habits when they are very young.
　　A.Right
　　B.Wrong
　　C.Not mentioned
　　17We can only break bad habits if others tell us to do.
　　A.Right
　　B.Wrong
　　C.Not mentioned
　　18Bad habits may return when we are under presure.
　　A.Right
　　B.Wrong
　　C.Not mentioned
　　19Researchers were surprised by the answers that the volunteers gave in the first test.
　　A.Right
　　B.Wrong
　　C.Not mentioned
　　20The volunteers found the test more difficult when they did it the second time.
　　A.Right
　　B.Wrong
　　C.Not mentioned
　　21The study suggests that it is more difficult to respond to what we learn first.
　　A.Right
　　B.Wrong
　　C.Not mentioned
　　22If we develop bad habits early in life,they are harder to get rid of.
　　A.Right
　　B.Wrong
　　C.Not mentioned
　　16 C 本题的关键词为 boys 和 bad habits ，回到原文定位发现全文没有提及 boys ，故只能选择“未提及”。
　　17 从第二段第二句可知改掉坏习惯有两个途径：有人阻止或者潜意识地观察其他人没有相同的坏习惯，我们就会逐渐摆脱坏习惯。因此题干内容有误，故选 B 。
　　18 从第三段第一句“… it is the old ways that tend to win ， especially in situations where we are rushed 。 stressed or overworked.”可知在面对压力的时候，有些我们以为已经改掉的坏习惯又会回来。因此题干内容正确，故选 A 。
　　19 从第四段第三句“ It came as no surprise that their answers were split between the first set of words and second.”可以知道研究人员对志愿者在第一个测验中得出的结果一点都不感到惊讶。因此题干内容有误，故选 B 。
　　20 文章没有提及志愿者是否发现更难。因此答案为 C 。
　　21 第五段第二句“ We may try to change our ways ， but after a while ， the response that #es to mind first is usually the first one we learned.”可知我们尝试改变方式，但首先到我们脑海中的经常是我们最开始学的。由此可推理，要摆脱最先认知的内容是更困难的。因此题干内容有误，故选 B 。
　　22 从最后一段“ The study therefore suggests that over time ， our bad habits also be#e automatic ， learned behavior. This is not good news for people who pick up bad habits early in life and now want to change or break them.”可知坏习惯慢慢就变成了自动的习得行为，一旦早期养成了什么坏习惯，在后期要改变或打破它们很难。因此题干内容正确，故选 A 。